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管管對接水平固定蓋面層焊接技術

Welding technology for horizontal fixed cover of pipe butt joint

清理熔渣。

1。 Clean the slag。

仔細清理坡口兩側母材夾角處與打底層焊縫的熔渣，以及焊點重疊處的熔渣。

Carefully clean the slag at the included angle between the base metal on both sides of the groove and the weld of the backing layer， as well as the slag at the overlap of the weld joint。

運條手法

2。 Strip handling technique

在鐘錶5-6點的位置即仰焊位置引弧後，長弧預熱仰焊位置，以甩掉第一次和第二次熔化的熔滴，因為此時熔滴溫度低，流動性不好。然後採用月牙形運條或橫向鋸齒形運條法進行焊接，將熔滴以短弧方式向上送。焊接時，始終保持短弧。當焊條擺動到兩側時稍作停頓，使焊縫金屬和母材能平滑過渡，可以將坡口兩側的邊緣熔化1- 2mm，防止咬邊缺陷。

After striking the arc at the 5-6 o‘clock position， that is， the overhead welding position， the long arc preheat the overhead welding position to get rid of the first and second molten droplets， because the droplet temperature is low and the fluidity is not good。 Then， the crescent shaped strip transportation or transverse sawtooth strip transportation method is adopted for welding， and the molten droplets are sent upward in the form of short arc。 When welding， always keep short arc。 When the welding rod swings to both sides， pause slightly to make the weld metal and parent material transition smoothly， and melt the edges on both sides of the groove by 1-2mm to prevent undercut defects。

在焊接過程中，熔池始終保持大小均勻橢圓形，熔池應光亮清晰。當前半圈電弧收弧時，弧坑應填充一些熔融金屬，使弧坑傾斜，為後半圈的收尾創造條件。第二個半圈焊接前，應將第一個半圈開始處的焊渣敲掉10-15 mm，焊縫結束時應將弧坑填滿。使用鹼性焊條焊接蓋面層時，應引弧方式採用劃擦法，始終預熱短弧。

During welding， the size of the molten pool shall always be uniform and oval， and the molten pool shall be bright and clear。 When the current half circle arc ends， the arc pit shall be filled with some molten metal to tilt the arc pit and create conditions for the end of the second half circle。 Before welding the second half circle， the welding slag at the beginning of the first half circle shall be knocked off by 10-15 mm， and the arc pit shall be filled at the end of the weld。 When welding the covering layer with alkaline electrode， the arc striking method shall be scratch method， and the short arc shall be preheated all the time。

焊條角度

3。 Electrode angle

由於根部的底層焊縫已經焊接，根部與蓋面層焊縫是否完全焊接透無關。主要技術問題是蓋面焊縫應成形良好，焊縫應與母材平滑過渡，應符合技術規定，無咬邊。

Since the bottom weld of the root has been welded， the root has nothing to do with whether the weld of the cover layer is completely welded。 The main technical problem is that the cover weld shall be well formed， the weld shall transition smoothly with the base metal， and shall meet the technical regulations without undercut。