Qiushi Journal | Excerpt: 評價一個國家政治制度是否民主、有效的標準

（Excerpts from “Speech at the Central People’s Congress Work Conference” by Xi Jinping， Qiushi Journal， No。 02， 2022）

評價一個國家政治制度是否民主、有效的標準

Criteria to evaluate whether a country’s political system is democratic and effective

評價一個國家政治制度是不是民主的、有效的，主要看國家領導層能否依法有序更替，

The best way to evaluate whether a country’s political system is democratic and effective is to observe whether the succession of its leaders is orderly and law-based，

全體人民能否依法管理國家事務和社會事務、管理經濟和文化事業，

whether the people can manage state and social affairs and economic and cultural undertakings in accordance with the law，

人民群眾能否暢通表達利益要求，

whether the public can express their needs through open channels，

社會各方面能否有效參與國家政治生活，

whether all sectors of society can effectively participate in the country’s political affairs，

國家決策能否實現科學化、民主化，

whether the country’s decision making can be conducted in a rational and democratic manner，

各方面人才能否透過公平競爭進入國家領導和管理體系，

whether people of all fields can join the state leadership and administrative systems by way of fair competition，

執政黨能否依照憲法法律規定實現對國家事務的領導，

whether the governing party can lead state affairs in accordance with the Constitution and the law，

權力運用能否得到有效制約和監督。

and whether the exercise of power is subject to effective checks and oversight。