加強語氣的倒裝句
2022-11-21由 霞姐英語 發表于 農業
加強了什麼的語氣
倒裝
I 我們通常使用的句子語序是自然語序,
即:主語+謂語
但有時謂語的全部或一部分提到主語的前
面,即採用倒裝語序,即:謂語+主語
採用倒裝語序,或是語法結構的需要,或是
為了強調。倒裝語序又分為部分倒裝和全
部倒裝兩種。
一、 部分倒裝
部分倒裝是把謂語中的一部分,如助動詞
、情態動詞或系動詞be,放在主語前面,其
餘部分仍在主語後面。
如:
1。 Never had the Browns had any
experience like that。(助動詞)
2。 Only in this way can we work out the
physics problem。(情態動詞)
3。 Not only is he a singer,but(also) he
is a dancer。(系動詞be)
二、全部倒裝
全部倒裝是句子中沒有助動詞、情態動詞
或系動詞be時,謂語動詞要放在主語的前
面。
如:
1。 Here comes the bus。
2。 Here is the very book you want。
3。 Up went the arrow into the sky。
4。 The door opened and in came a
group of soldiers。
5。 In front of me lay the whole valley。
◆ 注意
如果主語是人稱代詞,則主謂不倒裝。
如:
Here he comes。
Away they went。
Here you are。
II 英語中的倒裝也可以分為語法性倒裝,這
是由於語法上的需要而必須倒裝的句子,還
有一種是修飾性的倒裝,這些句子是特別加
以強調的。
一、語法性的倒裝
1。 各種疑問句的倒裝
① Are you against the plan?
②Is he your brother‘ s best friend?
③Do you like playing football or
basketball after school?
④Did you get to school on time since
you got up late yesterday?
⑤What do you like best?
⑥When were you born?
◆ 注意
如果主語是由一個疑問詞表示的或修飾的,
語序不變。
①Who did it?
疑問詞who是主語,語序不變
②How many students in your school
joined the army?
主語 students由 how many修飾,語序不變
2。 there be句型中的倒裝 , 在此句型中,
there是引導詞,動詞be後才是真正的主
語。因此無論是在陳述句中還是疑問句
中,主語總是在謂語之後。
① There is little water left。
② There were no schools or hospitals
before。
③ Is there any ink in the bottle?
3。 直接引語中的倒裝
①直接引語的一部分或全部放在句首時,
它的主語(說話人)和謂語(引述動詞)常要
倒裝。
如:
“ Will you please carry it for me? ”said
the old man。
② 但當主語是代詞或謂語含有助動詞時,
一般不倒裝。另外,如果謂語比主語長,
或者它後面有賓語時,一般也不倒 裝 。
如:
“He is a liar。 You can’ t trust him。 ” Tom
said to me in a whisper。
4。 省略if 的虛擬語氣條件句中的倒裝
if引導的虛擬語氣條件句中如含有助動詞
were, should和had時,可使用倒裝, 一般
表述與事實相反的情況 。
即:
Were/ Should/Had+主語 + ……
=If+主語+were/ should/had+……
當if省略時,助動詞were, should和had
要倒裝到主語之前去;而if不省路時,主語
和助動詞用正常語序。
如:
①Were you a fish, the cat would eat
you。
= If you were a fish, the cat would eat
you。
② Had you my troubles, you would
despair。
= If you had my troubles, you would
despair。
③ Should it rain tomorrow, I shall stay
at home。
= If it should rain tomorrow, I shall
stay at home。
5。 so, nor, neither用於句首時,說明前
面一句話中謂語表示的情況也適用於另外
一個(些)人或物時,句子要用倒裝。倒裝句
中的助動詞、情態動詞、系動詞be等要和
前一句話的一致。
① so用於肯定句 , 結構為:
So+be(have,助動詞或情態動詞)+主語
如:
* A: I have had my breakfast。
B: So have I
* A:LiMing can speak three languages。
B: So can I。
② nor / neither用於否定句 ,結構為:
Neither/Nor+be(have,助動詞或情態動
詞+主語
如:
*A: Will you go home this weekend?
B: No, and neither / nor will Li Ming。
6。 as引導的讓步狀語從句中的倒裝
① 形容詞+as+主語+系動詞be
如:
Young as he is。 he knows a lot of things
8詞)+as+主語+系動詞
如:
King as he is。 he is unhappy。
③ 副詞+as+主語+動詞
如:
Much as I like it。 I won‘t buy it。
④ 實義動調+as+主語+助動詞
如:
Try as she does, she will never find it。
二、修辭性的倒裝
除了話法性倒裝之外,有些倒裝是由於修
辭的原因而採用的,因此叫做修 辭性倒裝
1。 否定詞+助動詞/be動詞+主語
如:
* Barely does he have enough money
to live on。
= He barely has enough oney to live on。
*By no means is translation easy
=Translation is by no means easy。
◆常見的放在句首的否定詞
by no means 決不
in no case
in no circumstances
under no circumstances
hardly,seldom 幾乎不
no sooner。。(than)一……就……
never從不
not only。。。 but also…。不但……而且
* Hardly had he seen me when he ran
away
* Scarcely had the baby cried when the
nurse rushed to carry him 。
* No sooner had they reached home
than it rained more and more heavily。
* Not only is he a scientist, but also he is a painter。
2。 以here,there, then,now,thus,such,
so,out,in,up,down,away等副詞(短語為
首的句子中,要倒裝以表示特別強調的語
氣。
如:
* Then came the time we had been
looking forward to。
* Out rushed the boy。
3。 only+副詞/ 副詞短語/ 狀語從句+be/
助動詞/ 情態動詞+主語
如:
* Only then did I realize I made such
a big mistake
* Only in this way can you work it out。
* Only when one loses heaith does one
know its value。
注意:only如果強調的是主語時,不倒裝。
如:
Only his mother was Invited。
4。 頻度副詞always, often,once出現在
句首時,句子要倒裝。
如:
* Often did we warn them not to do so。
* Always will we remember the import-
ance of the meeting
5。 其他情況
為了保持句子平衡,或為了強調錶語或狀
語,或為了使上下文緊密銜接時,需要倒裝
如:
* The soldiers arrived at a house, in front
of which sat a small boy。